The most effective way to produce any product is to put certain guidelines and standards in place to dictate how it can be created. These standards are quality driven and are consistent regardless of the company that creates the product. One standard, ISO 15693, is a standard in place for cards that are used to read information within a certain distance or within a specified vicinity.
These standards allow devices to be developed by anyone and work interchangeably as they followed a specific standard in their creation. Take for example the creation of an ATM. The various parts that make up the ATM can have many hands involved to create it. However, when your finger touches the touch screen your request is processed. This is because the standards set in place provide required inputs and outputs as well as quality standards in development.
In many industries who use an assembly approach, having quality standards are a must in order to do business. An organization is created to determine the standards and modify them over time. This governing body is what is used to enforce the rules it set out and thereby keeping the organization a recognized and respected standard across all industries.